Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) virus interleukin-6 (vIL-6) is a cytokine that is secreted and most poorly translated into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Has been involved, along with HHV-8 viral proteins pro-inflammatory and / or other angiogenic, in HHV-8-related Kaposi’s sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman’s disease (MCD), in addition to an MCD -related disorders involving elevation of systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines, including human vIL-6 and IL-6 (HIL-6). In this disease, lytic (productive) replication, in addition to viral latency, is believed to play an important role.
Pro-replication activity of vIL-6 has been identified experimentally in PEL and endothelial cells, but the relative contribution of different vIL-6 interaction has not been established. productive interaction of vIL-6 to IL-6 signal transducer, gp130, can occur in the ER, but vIL-6 also interact in the ER with a receptor called vitamin K epoxide non-signal reductase subunit complex 1 variant-2 (VKORC1v2), calnexin, and VKORC1v2- and related calnexin protein UDP-glucose: glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 (UGGT1) and glucosidase II (GlucII). Here, we report a systematic characterization of the interaction-modified vIL-6 variants and recombinant virus expressing the lytic phenotype selected variants.
Our data identifies the importance of vIL-6 and the activity of ER-localized it through gp130 to replicate productively in iSLK (induced epithelial) cells, the lack of involvement of detectable vIL-6 interaction with VKORC1v2, GlucII or UGGT1, and the insufficiency and lack of effect of direct contributions from extracellular signals by vIL-6 or Hil-6. These findings, obtained through genetic-based approach, complementing and extending the previous analysis of vIL-6 activity.IMPORTANCE Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) -encoded viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) was the first viral IL-6 homologues to be identified.
Experimental and clinical evidence indicates that vIL-6 is important for the onset and / or progression of the pathology associated with HHV-8 B-cells, and endothelial, including AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma and multicentric Castleman’s disease. Protein is unusual in poor secretion of the cells and the intracellular activity; interact, directly or indirectly, with a number of outer protein IL-6 signal transducer, gp130, and may mediate this interaction activities through the endoplasmic reticulum.
Here, we characterize in connection with protein interactions and signal transducing activity of vIL-6 variant panels and take advantage of HHV-8 virus mutants expressing variant selected in the phenotypic analysis. Our findings establish the importance of vIL-6 in HHV-8 replication productive and individual contributions interaction of vIL-6 protein to HHV-8 lytic biology. This work furthers the understanding of the biological importance of vIL-6 and a unique intracellular interactions.
Genetic Analyses of Contributions of Viral Interleukin-6 Interactions and Signaling to Human Herpesvirus 8 Productive Replication
Impact of interleukin IL-6 rs-1474347 and IL-10-rs 1800896 susceptibility genetic polymorphisms in Egypt HCV-infected patients to hepatocellular carcinoma
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to determine the relationship of IL-6 and IL-10 single nucleotide polymorphisms with the development of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection to cirrhosis and liver cancer.
IL-2 Interleukin-2 Human Recombinant Protein, Yeast
Description: Interleukin-2 Human Recombinant produced in yeast is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 134 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 14 kDa. The IL-2 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-29 Interleukin-29 Human Recombinant Protein, Sf9
Description: Interleukin-29 Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 187 amino acids (20-200a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 20.8kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-28kDa).;IL29 is fused with a 6 amino acids His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-4 Interleukin-4 Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
Description: Interleukin-4 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is single, a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 150 amino acids fragment (25-153) and having a total molecular mass of 17.2kDa.;The IL-4 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-6 Interleukin-6 Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
Description: IL-6 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is single, a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 204 amino acids fragment (30-212) and having a total molecular mass of 23.1kDa with a 20 aa N-terminal His tag. ;The IL-6 His is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: Interleukin-8 Human Recombinant produced in Yeast is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 79 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 9 kDa. ;The IL-8 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: The IL-1 family is comprised of 11 structurally related ligands, including recently re-named IL-36 α (IL-1F6), β (IL-1F8) and γ (IL-1F9). IL-36γ is highly expressed in psoriatic plaques and in tissues containing epithelial cells. IL-36γ signals through the IL-1Rrp2 (IL-1R6) receptor, which is primarily expressed on certain dendritic cells. The interaction of the IL-1Rrp2 receptor with IL-36 ligands induces dendritic cell maturation and activation. IL-36γ also functions as an agonist of NF-kappaB, and can stimulate the inflammatory response in bronchial epithelial cells. Recombinant human IL-36γ is a 17.0 kDa protein containing 152 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays an important role in host defense by regulating immune and inflammatory responses. Produced by T cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and keratinocytes, IL-6 has diverse biological functions. It stimulates B-cell differentiation and antibody production, synergizes with IL-3 in megakaryocyte development and platelet production, induces expression of hepatic acute-phase proteins, and regulates bone metabolism. IL-6 signals through the IL-6 receptor system that consists of two chains, IL-6R α and gp130. Murine IL-6 is inactive on human cells, while both human and murine are equally active on murine cells. Recombinant murine IL-6 is a 21.7 kDa protein containing 187 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-9 is an immunoregulatory cytokine produced by IL-2 activated Th2 lymphocytes. IL-9 enhances the proliferation of T lymphocytes, mast cells, erthroid precursor cells and megakaryoblastic leukemia cell lines. Over-expression of IL-9 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anaplastic lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease. Whereas murine IL-9 can function on human cells, human IL-9 is inactive on mouse cells. Recombinant human IL-9 is a 14.0 kDa protein of 127 amino acid residues including 10 cysteine residues which are fully conserved between the human murine proteins.
Description: IL-10 is an immunosuppressive cytokine produced by a variety of mammalian cell types including macrophages, monocytes, T cells, B cells and keratinocytes. IL-10 inhibits the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNFα. Like IL-4, IL-10 enhances humoral immune responses and attenuates cell-mediated immune reactions. Human IL-10 active on murine cells, but murine IL-10 is inactive on human cells. Recombinant human IL-10 is an 18.6 kDa protein of 161 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-13 is an immunoregulatory cytokine produced primarily by activated Th2 cells, and also by mast cells and NK cells. Targeted deletion of IL-13 in mice resulted in impaired Th2 cell development and indicated an important role for IL-13 in the expulsion of gastrointestinal parasites. IL-13 exerts anti-inflammatory effects on monocytes and macrophages and it inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8. IL-13 has also been shown to enhance B cell proliferation and to induce isotype switching resulting in increased production of IgE. Blocking of IL-13 activity inhibits the pathophysiology of asthma. Human and murine IL-13 is cross-species reactive. Recombinant human IL-13 is a 12.6 kDa protein consisting of 115 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-15 is an immunomodulating cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T lymphocytes and shares many biological properties with IL-2. IL-15 exerts its biological activites primarily on T cells. It is also essential in the development, survival and activation of NK cells. Increased expression of IL-15 has been implicated with rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and diseases affiliated with retroviruses HIV and HTLV-I. Human IL-15 is biologically active on mouse cells as measured by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of mouse CTLL cells. Recombinant human IL-15 is a 12.9 kDa protein consisting of 114 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-22 is a member of the IL-10 family of regulatory cytokines which includes IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24 and IL-26. Members of this family share partial homology in their amino acid sequences, but they are dissimilar in their biological functions. Produced by T lymphocytes, IL-22 inhibits IL-4 production by Th2 cells, and induces acute phase reactants in the liver and pancreas. IL-22 signals through a receptor system consisting of IL-10R-β/CRF2-4 and IL-22R, both of which are members of the class II cytokine-receptor family. Recombinant murine IL-22 is a 33.4 kDa non-disulfide-linked homodimeric protein containing of two 146 amino acid polypeptide chains.
Description: IL-17B is a disulfide-linked homodimer of two 161 amino acid polypeptide chains. It belongs to the IL-17 family of structurally-related cytokines that share a highly conserved C-terminal region but differ from one another in their N-terminal regions and in their distinct biological roles. The six known members of this family, IL-17A through IL-17F, are secreted as homodimers. IL-17B is expressed by T-cells and has been shown to stimulate release of TNF-α and IL-1β from cells of the monocyte lineage. Recombinant human IL-17B is a 36.6 kDa non-disulfide-linked homodimer of two 161 amino acid polypeptide chains.
Description: IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine and a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, which have indispensable functions in many infectious and inflammatory diseases. Mouse IL-10 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-10 produced in yeast.
Description: IL-13 is an important mediator of allergic inflammation and disease. In addition to effects on immune cells, IL-13 is implicated as a central mediator of the physiologic changes induced by allergic inflammation in many tissues. Equine IL-13 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-13 produced in yeast.
Description: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine. Equine IL-6 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-6 produced in yeast.
Description: Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine with structural similarity to IL-2 that is secreted by mononuclear phagocytes following infection by virus(es). This cytokine induces cell proliferation of natural killer cells. Swine IL-15 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-15 produced in yeast.
Description: IL-4 has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, and the differentiation of CD4+ T-cells into Th2 cells. It is a key regulator in humoral and adaptive immunity. Equine IL-4 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-4 produced in yeast.
Description: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine produced by T-helper cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. It is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to the regulation of the immune response. Equine IL-2 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-2 produced in yeast.
Description: IL-17A is a member of the IL-17 family of cytokines, whose members are involved in numerous immune regulatory functions. IL-17 induces the production of many other cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins. Human IL-17A Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-17A produced in yeast.
Description: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), also known as CXCL8, is an ELR-positive CXC family member chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types such as epithelial cells. ELR-positive CXC chemokines such as IL-8 specifically induce the migration of neutrophils, and interact with chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Chicken IL-8 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-8 produced in yeast.
Description: Studies suggest that IL-21 is a key component of CD4 T cell help that is required for maintaining the CD8+ T cell responses and inducing B cell antibody response. It is also implicated in the development of autoimmune disease and has antitumor activity.
Description: Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Protein (IL-1F3, IL-1ra) belongs to the IL-1 family of cytokines, whose members play key roles in the development and regulation of inflammation. IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra; IL-1F3) reduces inflammation by blocking the binding of the agonist receptor ligands. Dolphin IL-1 Receptor Antagonist Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1F3, IL-1ra) produced in yeast.
Description: IL-1α is a non-secreted proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1α and IL-1β binds to the same receptor and has similar if not identical biological properties. These cytokines have a broad range of activities including, stimulation of thymocyte proliferation, by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, mitogenic FGF-like activity and the ability to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. However, whereas IL-1β is a secreted cytokine, IL-1α is predominantly a cell-associated cytokine. Recombinant human IL-1α is an 18.0 kDa protein containing 159 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine produced in a variety of cells including monocytes, tissue macrophages, keratinocytes and other epithelial cells. Both IL-1α and IL-1β binds to the same receptor and has similar if not identical biological properties. These cytokines have a broad range of activities including, stimulation of thymocyte proliferation, by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, mitogenic FGF-like activity and the ability to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells. However, whereas IL-1β is a secreted cytokine, IL-1α is predominantly a cell-associated cytokine. Recombinant human IL-1β is a 17.3 kDa protein containing 153 amino acid residues.
Description: Interleukin-12 is a disulfide-linked heterodimeric protein (p70), composed of two subunits, p35 and p40, which are encoded by two different genes. Accumulating data indicate that p40 secretion precedes that of IL-12 expression. In addition to its ability to covalently bind to p35 to form IL-12, p40 can bind to p19 to form IL-23. Recombinant human IL-12 p40 is a 40 kDa protein containing 306 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-1 beta (IL-1β) is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. The IL-1 beta cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Equine IL-1 beta Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-1 beta cytokine produced in yeast.
Description: IL-1 alpha (IL-1α, IL-1F1) is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. IL-1 alpha is an inflammatory cytokine active in the initiation of the inflammatory reaction and in driving Th1 and Th17 inflammatory responses. Equine IL-1 alpha Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-1 alpha cytokine produced in yeast.
Description: The IL-12 p40 subunit, or interleukin-12 beta subunit, is the 40 kD cytokine receptor-like subunit of the heterodimeric cytokines IL-12 and IL-23. IL-12 is involved in the differentiation of naive T cells into Th1 cells and the growth and function of T cells. Both IL-23 and IL-12 can activate the transcription activator STAT4 and stimulate the production of interferon-gamma (IFNG). Swine IL-12 p40 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-12 p40 produced in yeast.
Description: IL-13 is an immunoregulatory cytokine produced primarily by activated Th2 cells, and also by mast cells and NK cells. Targeted deletion of IL-13 in mice resulted in impaired Th2 cell development and indicated an important role for IL-13 in the expulsion of gastrointestinal parasites. IL-13 exerts anti-inflammatory effects on monocytes and macrophages and it inhibits the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8. IL-13 has also been shown to enhance B cell proliferation and to induce isotype switching resulting in increased production of IgE. Blocking of IL-13 activity inhibits the pathophysiology of asthma. Human and murine IL-13 is cross-species reactive. Recombinant rat IL-13 is a 12.3 kDa protein consisting of 113 amino acid residues.
Description: IL-16 is a CD8+ T cell-derived cytokine that induces chemotaxis of CD4+ T cells and CD4+ monocytes and eosinophils. Analysis by gel filtration suggests that, under physiological conditions, hIL-16 exists predominantly as a noncovalently linked multimer, but that some IL-16 may exist as a monomer. However, only the multimeric form appears to possess chemotactic activity, suggesting that receptor cross-linking may be required for activity. IL-16 also induces expression of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) and MHC class II molecules on CD4 + T cells. Human and murine IL-16 show significant cross-species reactivity. Recombinant human IL-16 is a 13.3 kDa protein consisting of 129 amino acid residues.
Description: TGFB3 Human Recombinant produced in plant is a disulfide-linked homodimeric, glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 118 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 27.2kDa. ;The TGFB3 is fused to 6xHis tag at N-terminus and purified by standard chromatographic techniques.
FSH (Human Follicle-stimulating hormone) ELISA test
Description: IL17A produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (24-155 a.a.) and fused to a 6 aa His Tag at C-terminus containing a total of 138 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15.9kDa.;IL17A shows multiple bands between 13.5-28kDa on SDS-PAGE, reducing conditions and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL17F Human, Interleukin 17F Human Recombinant Protein, sf9
Description: IL17F produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 142 amino acids (31-163 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 16kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-28 kDa). IL17F is expressed with a 9 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: Can be used for various proteomics studies in both normal and pathological cases. It is an excellent control and suitable for educational purposes. This product is prepared from whole tissue homogenates and has undergone SDS-PAGE quality control analysis. The protein is stored in a buffer with protease inhibitor cocktail fo prevent degradation.
Description: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of endoproteases that require zinc and calcium for expressing catalytic activity. These enzymes play a central role in the maintenance and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Elevated expression of their activity, caused either by up-regulation of their expression or down-regulation of their cognate inhibitors, has been implicated in various degenerative disorders, including arthritis, cardiovascular disease, skeletal growth-plate disorders, and cancer metastasis. MMP-3 degrades fibronectin, laminin, collagens III, IV, and X, and cartilage proteoglycans. Recombinant human MMP-3 is a 42.8 kDa protein containing the entire catalytic N-terminal domain and the C-terminal domain (378 amino acids).
Description: PLGF3 Human Recombinant produced in Spodoptera frugiperda is a glycosylated homodimer containing 2 chains of 203 amino acids (Leu19-Arg221) and having a molecular mass of 58kDa.;The PLGF-3 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Description: ANGPTL3 produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 453 amino acids (17-460 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 52.9kDa (Migrates at 25-70kDa on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions).
For comparison purposes, the four groups were registered; groups of chronic hepatitis C (CHC, n = 22), related to HCV-group liver cirrhosis (HCV-LC, n = 22), related to HCV-group of HCC (HCV-HCC, n = 54), and a control group that looked healthy (control , n = 48). HCC diagnosis and staging are in concordance to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system. IL-6 rs-1474347 and IL-10-rs 1800896 genotype performed by allele (VIC- and FAM-labeled) discrimination method using test-on-demand real-time TaqMan PCR test.
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